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Coffee and Cortisol
Morning coffee consumption can lead to increases in blood
pressure, feelings of stress, and elevated stress hormone levels
throughout the day and into the evening hours, according to
researchers at Duke University.
Coffee and Cortisol Test
The doctors studied 47 healthy, nonsmoking persons who were
habitual coffee drinkers. For the study, participants were given a
pill containing 500 mg of caffeine (equivalent to approximately four
cups of coffee) or a placebo tablet at the beginning of a work day.
On a separate workday, those who initially received the coffee
were given placebo, and vice versa. The subjects never knew
whether they had received coffee or placebo on a given day.
Researchers measured blood pressure and heart rate throughout
the work day. In the evening, urinary levels of stress-related
hormones such as cortisol and epinephrine were measured.
The study results, published in the July/August 2002 issue of
Psychosomatic Medicine, revealed that those persons who
consumed coffee had a slight but significant increase in their blood
pressure throughout the work day and a 32% increase in the level
of excreted free epinephrine during the day and evening. Caffeine
also potentiated the increases in blood pressure and heart rate
that were associated with high levels of self-reported stress
during the workday. The effects of caffeine persisted into the
evening hours until bedtime.
These findings indicate that the effects of morning coffee
consumption can exaggerate the body's stress responses and
increase stress hormone levels all day long and into the evening,
even when no further caffeine is consumed in the afternoon. It
clearly confirms the coffee and cortisol connection. Persons who
suffer from stress-related diseases or conditions worsened by
stress, such as cardiovascular disease and psychological
conditions such as anxiety disorders, could be adversely affected
by caffeine intake.
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